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1 עלל I
עֲלַלI ch. sam(עלל to go about), esp. (corresp. to h. בּוֹא) to enter a town, a house ; to come in (interch. with עוּל). Targ. Prov. 11:2; a. fr.Y.Taan.I, 64b bot. מי ע׳ when he was going home. Ib. c top כד דאנא עָלֵילוכ׳ when I was coming home from the hill. Ib. כד דאתית למֵיעוֹל when thou wert about to go home. Y.Sabb.VI, 8c bot. בר קפרא אִיעֲלַל … מי ע׳וכ׳ B. Ḳ. was trying to enter a town; when he entered it Y.Erub.V, beg.22b תלת … עבר עָלֵיל קומיוכ׳ thirteen years he spent going in and out before his teacher without need (of his instruction). Koh. R. to I, 3 עָלְלִין ונפקין are brought in and taken out again; a. e. 2) (with שמשא) to set. Targ. O. Gen. 15:12; a. fr. 3) to be busy, have to do with, (euphem.) to sport. Esth. R. to II, 16 אנא יהיב … ועליל עמה I would give one hundred denars to I sport with her; Yalk. Gen. 67; (Gen. R. s. 40 ואִיעֲלַל Ithpa.). Pa. עַלֵּיל to go around searching; to glean. Targ. O. Lev. 19:10 (ed. Berl. תְעַלִיל; ed. Amst. תְעָליל); Deut. 24:21 תְעַלֵּיל ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. a. Y. תְעָלֵיל). Af. אָעֵיל (fr. עוּל), אָעוֹל, אֵ׳ to cause to go in; to carry in, bring in. Targ. Gen. 6:19 (Y. ed. Vien. תֵעוֹל). Targ. Ps. 66:11. Targ. O. Gen. 47:24 אָעוֹלֵי ed. Berl. (oth. ed. אַעוּלֵי, verbal noun). Targ. Hag. 1:9; a. fr. Ittaf. אִיתָּעַל, אִיתַּעַל to be carried in. Targ. Job 10:19 אֶתְּעָל. Ib. 21:32 יִתָּעֵל ed. Wil. (oth. ed. יִתְּעָל). Ib. 30 יִתָּעֲלוּן (some ed. יִתְעֲלוּן Ithpe.). Targ. O. Gen. 43:18 (Y. מִתְעֲל׳, ed. Vien. מִתְעָ׳); a. fr. Ithpe. אִתְעֲלַל, אִיעֲלַל 1) same, v. supra. 2) to attempt entrance. Y. Sabb. l. c., v. supra. 3) to busy ones self, to sport. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. -
2 עֲלַל
עֲלַלI ch. sam(עלל to go about), esp. (corresp. to h. בּוֹא) to enter a town, a house ; to come in (interch. with עוּל). Targ. Prov. 11:2; a. fr.Y.Taan.I, 64b bot. מי ע׳ when he was going home. Ib. c top כד דאנא עָלֵילוכ׳ when I was coming home from the hill. Ib. כד דאתית למֵיעוֹל when thou wert about to go home. Y.Sabb.VI, 8c bot. בר קפרא אִיעֲלַל … מי ע׳וכ׳ B. Ḳ. was trying to enter a town; when he entered it Y.Erub.V, beg.22b תלת … עבר עָלֵיל קומיוכ׳ thirteen years he spent going in and out before his teacher without need (of his instruction). Koh. R. to I, 3 עָלְלִין ונפקין are brought in and taken out again; a. e. 2) (with שמשא) to set. Targ. O. Gen. 15:12; a. fr. 3) to be busy, have to do with, (euphem.) to sport. Esth. R. to II, 16 אנא יהיב … ועליל עמה I would give one hundred denars to I sport with her; Yalk. Gen. 67; (Gen. R. s. 40 ואִיעֲלַל Ithpa.). Pa. עַלֵּיל to go around searching; to glean. Targ. O. Lev. 19:10 (ed. Berl. תְעַלִיל; ed. Amst. תְעָליל); Deut. 24:21 תְעַלֵּיל ed. Berl. (ed. Amst. a. Y. תְעָלֵיל). Af. אָעֵיל (fr. עוּל), אָעוֹל, אֵ׳ to cause to go in; to carry in, bring in. Targ. Gen. 6:19 (Y. ed. Vien. תֵעוֹל). Targ. Ps. 66:11. Targ. O. Gen. 47:24 אָעוֹלֵי ed. Berl. (oth. ed. אַעוּלֵי, verbal noun). Targ. Hag. 1:9; a. fr. Ittaf. אִיתָּעַל, אִיתַּעַל to be carried in. Targ. Job 10:19 אֶתְּעָל. Ib. 21:32 יִתָּעֵל ed. Wil. (oth. ed. יִתְּעָל). Ib. 30 יִתָּעֲלוּן (some ed. יִתְעֲלוּן Ithpe.). Targ. O. Gen. 43:18 (Y. מִתְעֲל׳, ed. Vien. מִתְעָ׳); a. fr. Ithpe. אִתְעֲלַל, אִיעֲלַל 1) same, v. supra. 2) to attempt entrance. Y. Sabb. l. c., v. supra. 3) to busy ones self, to sport. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. -
3 acogedor
adj.1 comfortable, inviting, cosy, cozy.2 friendly, cordial, welcoming.m.harborer, protector.* * *► adjetivo1 (persona) welcoming, friendly2 (lugar) cosy, warm* * *(f. - acogedora)adj.cozy, friendly* * *ADJ (=hospitalario) welcoming; [ambiente] friendly, cosy, cozy (EEUU), warm; [cuarto] snug, cosy, cozy (EEUU)* * *- dora adjetivoa) <casa/habitación> cozy*, welcoming; < ambiente> warm, friendlyb) <persona/actitud> friendly, warm* * *= hospitable, welcoming, inviting, homey [homier -comp., homiest -sup.], friendly [friendlier -comp., friendliest -sup.], cosy [cozy, -USA].Nota: Cosier/cozier -comp., cosiest/coziest -sup.Ex. The effort involved in creating an hospitable niche is repaid by the stimulus such courses provide to staff members.Ex. Libraries of today look very attractive and welcoming, unlike the libraries which served previous generations.Ex. An easy and inviting route to the entrance needs to be unambiguously defined.Ex. However, his attempt to make cultural and social history more accessible to a wider audience by adopting a homey, jokey style often seems counterproductive.Ex. Her face broke into a warm friendly smile.Ex. For those involved in producing BNB, the eighties have seen this question leap in a single bound intoáthe realm of stark reality from the cosy abstraction of AACR2.* * *- dora adjetivoa) <casa/habitación> cozy*, welcoming; < ambiente> warm, friendlyb) <persona/actitud> friendly, warm* * *= hospitable, welcoming, inviting, homey [homier -comp., homiest -sup.], friendly [friendlier -comp., friendliest -sup.], cosy [cozy, -USA].Nota: Cosier/cozier -comp., cosiest/coziest -sup.Ex: The effort involved in creating an hospitable niche is repaid by the stimulus such courses provide to staff members.
Ex: Libraries of today look very attractive and welcoming, unlike the libraries which served previous generations.Ex: An easy and inviting route to the entrance needs to be unambiguously defined.Ex: However, his attempt to make cultural and social history more accessible to a wider audience by adopting a homey, jokey style often seems counterproductive.Ex: Her face broke into a warm friendly smile.Ex: For those involved in producing BNB, the eighties have seen this question leap in a single bound intoáthe realm of stark reality from the cosy abstraction of AACR2.* * *1 ‹casa/habitación› cozy*; ‹ambiente› warm, friendly2 ‹persona/actitud› friendly, warmme recibió de una manera nada acogedora he didn't give me a very friendly o warm welcome* * *
acogedor
‹ ambiente› warm, friendly
acogedor,-ora adj (lugar, casa) cosy
(persona, ambiente) warm
' acogedor' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acogedora
- gélida
- gélido
- hospitalaria
- hospitalario
- maravilla
- Y
English:
cosy
- cozy
- friendly
- homely
- hospitable
- snug
- unwelcoming
- welcoming
- homey
* * *acogedor, -ora adj1. [país, persona] friendly, welcoming2. [casa, ambiente] cosy* * *adj welcoming; lugar cozy, Brcosy* * *: cozy, warm, friendly* * * -
4 disculpa
f.1 excuse (pretexto).dar disculpas to make excusespedir disculpas a alguien (por) to apologize to somebody (for)2 apology, excuse, exculpation, exoneration.pres.indicat.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: disculpar.* * *1 excuse, apology\dar disculpas to make excusespedir disculpas a alguien to apologize to somebody* * *noun f.1) apology2) excuse* * *SF1) (=pretexto) excuse2) (=perdón) apology* * *femenino apologyun error que no tiene or no admite disculpa — an inexcusable error
* * *= apology, excuse, exoneration.Ex. I shall not quickly forget being halted in full flight by the explosive entrance of a lecturer who, without pause for reflection or apology, set about an unfortunate student for not being at a tutorial.Ex. The excuse for this is to allow a clerk to easily make a title entry for it.Ex. An attempt is made to explain why, of all people Popper ever criticized for historicism, Charles Darwin alone was singled out for exoneration.----* pedir disculpas = eat + Posesivo + words, eat + humble pie, eat + crow, eat + dirt.* * *femenino apologyun error que no tiene or no admite disculpa — an inexcusable error
* * *= apology, excuse, exoneration.Ex: I shall not quickly forget being halted in full flight by the explosive entrance of a lecturer who, without pause for reflection or apology, set about an unfortunate student for not being at a tutorial.
Ex: The excuse for this is to allow a clerk to easily make a title entry for it.Ex: An attempt is made to explain why, of all people Popper ever criticized for historicism, Charles Darwin alone was singled out for exoneration.* pedir disculpas = eat + Posesivo + words, eat + humble pie, eat + crow, eat + dirt.* * *A(perdón): le pido disculpas por mi tardanza please excuse me o I apologize for being lateve y pídele disculpas go and apologize to himme debe una disculpa she owes me an apologyun error que no tiene or no admite disculpa an inexcusable errorno hay disculpas para lo que hice there is no excuse for what I didB (pretexto, excusa) pretext, excusese fue antes con la disculpa de que tenía otro compromiso he left early on the pretext of having another appointmentsiempre que llega tarde me sale con alguna disculpa every time she's late she comes out with some excuse* * *
Del verbo disculpar: ( conjugate disculpar)
disculpa es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
disculpa
disculpar
disculpa sustantivo femenino
apology;
un error que no tiene disculpa an inexcusable error;
pedir(le) disculpas (a algn) por algo to apologize (to sb) for sth
disculpar ( conjugate disculpar) verbo transitivo
disculpa mi tardanza I am sorry I'm late
verbo intransitivo:◊ disculpe, no lo volveré a hacer I'm sorry o (frml) I apologize, I won't do it again
disculparse verbo pronominal
to apologize;
disculpase con algn to apologize to sb
disculpa sustantivo femenino excuse: te debe una disculpa, she owes you an apology o excuse
♦ Locuciones: pedir disculpas a alguien, to apologize to sb
disculpar verbo transitivo to excuse
' disculpa' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
balbucear
- deber
- excusa
- mascullar
- nada
- disculpar
- justificación
English:
abject
- apologetic
- apology
- pardon
- tender
- sorry
* * *disculpa nf1. [excusa, perdón] apology;le debo una disculpa por lo de ayer I owe you an apology for what happened yesterday;pedir disculpas a alguien (por) to apologize to sb (for);les pido disculpas por el retraso I apologize for the delay;acércate y pídeles disculpas come and apologize to them2. [pretexto] excuse;dar disculpas to make excuses;no hay disculpa que valga there's no excuse, there can be no excuse;* * *f apology;pedir disculpas a alguien apologize to s.o. ( por for)* * *disculpa nf1) : apology2) : excuse* * *disculpa n2. (excusa) excuse¿cuál fue su disculpa? what was his excuse? -
5 gratis
adj.free, free of charge, give-away, costless.adv.free, for nothing.ser gratis to be freeme salió gratis el viaje the journey didn't cost me anything* * *► adverbio1 free* * *adj.* * *1.ADV free, for nothingte lo arreglarán gratis — they'll fix it (for) free o for nothing
comimos gratis — we ate for free o nothing
2.ADJ free* * *Iadjetivo freeIIadverbio free* * *= free, freely, free of charge, giveaway [give-away], gratis, complimentary, without charge, pro bono, at no cost, no cost(s), free of cost, cost free, freebie, for free, without cost, freely available, costless, free for the taking, at no charge, on a complimentary basis.Ex. Late in 1986, the Medical Library took advantage of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts' free trial offer of its compact Medline on CD-ROM.Ex. The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex. Law centres employ qualified lawyers and they receive a waiver from the Law Society that allows them to provide their services free of charge.Ex. HUD publications range from give-away pamphlets to multi-volume research tomes = Las publicaciones HUD van desde los folletos gratuitos a tomos de investigaciones en varios volúmenes.Ex. Answers were obtained from 102 centres, 1/2 of which provide information services gratis, but some charges for photocopying.Ex. This is a classified, annotated guide to magazines which fall into the general category of house magazines available to libraries on a complimentary basis.Ex. There is a drop-in centre with a fully equipped sound recording studio and video editing suite offering guitar tuition and rehearsal space to local teenagers without charge.Ex. Pro bono work should be a part of professional duty, not looked on as a charitable act = El trabajo desinteresado debería formar parte de los deberes profesionales y no considerarse como un acto caritativo.Ex. Some commercial information providers are giving away a little information at no cost in order to attract customers onto the system.Ex. Respondents who preferred CD-ROM searching did so because they liked doing their own searches and the fact that there were no costs involved.Ex. An annexure reviews electronic journals available free of cost.Ex. In an attempt to overcome this problem, a group of small health related libraries responded by forming a cost free cooperative called GRATIS in 1982.Ex. The article 'Professional reference service with ' freebie' librarians' discusses the free online reference service offered by the Internet Public Library.Ex. In addition, most or all of the contents of the resources listed are available for free.Ex. The author looks at how 'free' information really is and whether we can continue to expect high quality information to be available without cost.Ex. Thus, resources should be freely available, or at the very last charge only nominal fees for their use.Ex. Another property of DSMA protocols is a provision for a graceful dynamic reconfiguration and costless protocol recovery after a lost token.Ex. The short answer of course is 'yes,' simply because we now live in a world where these resources are expected to be there, and many expect them to be there free for the taking.Ex. This latest move makes available at no charge more than 150 electronic publications for which fees were previously charged.Ex. Mountain bikes are available on a complimentary basis for guests who wish to explore the scenic north coast of the island.----* billete gratis = free ticket.* de forma gratis = on a complimentary basis.* de pago o gratis = fee or free, fee versus free.* entrada gratis = free ticket.* nada es gratis = nothing comes without a cost.* nada es gratis en la viña del Señor = there is no such thing as a free lunch, there is no such thing as a free ride.* obtener gratis = obtain + free.* recibir gratis = get + free.* servicio gratis = frill.* * *Iadjetivo freeIIadverbio free* * *= free, freely, free of charge, giveaway [give-away], gratis, complimentary, without charge, pro bono, at no cost, no cost(s), free of cost, cost free, freebie, for free, without cost, freely available, costless, free for the taking, at no charge, on a complimentary basis.Ex: Late in 1986, the Medical Library took advantage of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts' free trial offer of its compact Medline on CD-ROM.
Ex: The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex: Law centres employ qualified lawyers and they receive a waiver from the Law Society that allows them to provide their services free of charge.Ex: HUD publications range from give-away pamphlets to multi-volume research tomes = Las publicaciones HUD van desde los folletos gratuitos a tomos de investigaciones en varios volúmenes.Ex: Answers were obtained from 102 centres, 1/2 of which provide information services gratis, but some charges for photocopying.Ex: This is a classified, annotated guide to magazines which fall into the general category of house magazines available to libraries on a complimentary basis.Ex: There is a drop-in centre with a fully equipped sound recording studio and video editing suite offering guitar tuition and rehearsal space to local teenagers without charge.Ex: Pro bono work should be a part of professional duty, not looked on as a charitable act = El trabajo desinteresado debería formar parte de los deberes profesionales y no considerarse como un acto caritativo.Ex: Some commercial information providers are giving away a little information at no cost in order to attract customers onto the system.Ex: Respondents who preferred CD-ROM searching did so because they liked doing their own searches and the fact that there were no costs involved.Ex: An annexure reviews electronic journals available free of cost.Ex: In an attempt to overcome this problem, a group of small health related libraries responded by forming a cost free cooperative called GRATIS in 1982.Ex: The article 'Professional reference service with ' freebie' librarians' discusses the free online reference service offered by the Internet Public Library.Ex: In addition, most or all of the contents of the resources listed are available for free.Ex: The author looks at how 'free' information really is and whether we can continue to expect high quality information to be available without cost.Ex: Thus, resources should be freely available, or at the very last charge only nominal fees for their use.Ex: Another property of DSMA protocols is a provision for a graceful dynamic reconfiguration and costless protocol recovery after a lost token.Ex: The short answer of course is 'yes,' simply because we now live in a world where these resources are expected to be there, and many expect them to be there free for the taking.Ex: This latest move makes available at no charge more than 150 electronic publications for which fees were previously charged.Ex: Mountain bikes are available on a complimentary basis for guests who wish to explore the scenic north coast of the island.* billete gratis = free ticket.* de forma gratis = on a complimentary basis.* de pago o gratis = fee or free, fee versus free.* entrada gratis = free ticket.* nada es gratis = nothing comes without a cost.* nada es gratis en la viña del Señor = there is no such thing as a free lunch, there is no such thing as a free ride.* obtener gratis = obtain + free.* recibir gratis = get + free.* servicio gratis = frill.* * *freela entrada es gratis entrance is freeeste folleto es gratis this brochure is free (of charge) o gratisfreeme lo arregló gratis he fixed it for me freeentramos gratis we got in free o for nothing* * *
gratis adj/adv
free;
entramos gratis we got in free o for nothing
gratis
I adv inv free: le salió gratis la matrícula, his registration was free
II adjetivo free: hay un billete gratis para ir al cine, we have a free ticket for the movies
' gratis' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
balde
- gratuidad
- gratuita
- gratuito
- pesetera
- pesetero
English:
bonus
- charge
- complimentary
- delivery
- free
- mooch
- nothing
- toll-free
- wangle
* * *♦ adj invfree;ser gratis to be free;entrada gratis [en letrero] entrance free♦ adv(for) free, for nothing;entré gratis al concierto I got into the concert (for) free o for nothing;me salió gratis el viaje the journey didn't cost me anything* * *adj & adv free* * *gratis advgratuitamente: free, for free, gratisgratis adjgratuito: free, gratis* * *gratis adv1. (sin pagar) free2. (sin cobrar) for nothing -
6 rater
rater [ʀate]➭ TABLE 11. intransitive verb[projet, affaire] to fail• je t'avais dit qu'il le casserait, ça n'a pas raté (inf) I told you he'd break it and sure enough he did!• ça ne rate jamais ! it never fails!2. transitive verba. ( = manquer) [+ balle, cible, occasion, train, rendez-vous, spectacle, personne] to miss• raté ! missed!• si tu croyais m'impressionner, c'est raté if you were trying to impress me, it hasn't worked!• il n'en rate pas une ! (ironic) he's always doing stupid things• je ne te raterai pas ! ( = je me vengerai) I'll show you!b. ( = ne pas réussir) [+ travail, affaire] to mess up ; [+ mayonnaise, sauce, plat] to make a mess of ; [+ examen] to fail* * *ʀate
1.
1) ( ne pas réussir) to fail, to flunk (colloq) US [examen]j'ai raté ma vie/ma photo — my life/my photo is a failure
elle a raté son coup — (colloq) she has failed
2) ( ne pas être présent pour) to miss [train, début de film, rendez-vous]3) (ne pas atteindre, ne pas voir) to miss [cible, objectif, marche, personne]
2.
verbe intransitif [plan, opération] to fail, to flop (colloq)ça va tout faire rater — (colloq) it'll spoil everything
3.
se rater verbe pronominal1) ( soi-même) to bungle one's suicide attempt2) ( ne pas se voir)* * *ʀate1. vi1) (= échouer) [affaire, projet] to go wrong, to fail2) (= ne pas partir) [coup de feu] to fail to go off2. vt1) [cible, train, occasion] to missChantal a raté son train. — Chantal missed her train.
rater sa cible [bombe, projectile] — to miss its target, [tireur] to miss
2) [démonstration, plat] to make a mess ofElle a raté sa pizza. — She made a mess of her pizza.
3) [examen] to failJ'ai raté mon examen de maths. — I failed my maths exam.
* * *rater verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( ne pas réussir) to fail, to flunk○ US [examen]; j'ai raté ma vie/ma carrière my life/my career is a failure; j'ai raté mon gâteau/ma photo my cake/my photo is a failure; je rate toujours les gâteaux my cakes are never a success; rater un saut en hauteur to fail a high-jump; elle a raté son coup○ she has failed;2 ( ne pas être présent pour) to miss [train, début de film, rendez-vous]; rater son train de cinq minutes to miss the train by five minutes;3 (ne pas atteindre, ne pas voir) to miss [cible, objectif, marche, personne]; il n'en rate pas une○ he can be relied upon to put his foot in it○;4 ○( ne pas sanctionner) la prochaine fois je ne le raterai pas next time I won't let him get away with it; elle ne l'a pas raté○ fig she put him in his place○.B vi1 [plan, opération] to fail, flop○; il dit toujours des bêtises, ça ne rate jamais○ he can be relied upon to say something stupid; ça va tout faire rater○ it'll spoil everything;2 [arme] to misfire.C se rater vpr1 ( soi-même) to bungle one's suicide attempt;2 ( ne pas se voir) nous nous sommes ratés we missed each other.[rate] verbe intransitif1. (familier) [échouer] to failje t'avais dit qu'elle serait en retard, et ça n'a pas raté! I told you she'd be late, and sure enough she was!tais-toi, tu vas tout faire rater! shut up or you'll ruin everything!2. ARMEMENT————————[rate] verbe transitif1. [but] to misss'il recommence, je te jure que je ne le raterai pas! (familier) if he does it again, I swear I'll get him!2. [avion, rendez-vous, visiteur, occasion] to missje n'ai pas vu le concert — tu n'as rien raté/tu as raté quelque chose! I didn't see the concert — you didn't miss anything/you really missed something!3. [ne pas réussir]————————se rater verbe pronominalil s'est coupé les cheveux lui-même, il s'est complètement raté! he cut his hair himself and made a complete mess of it!elle est tombée de vélo, elle ne s'est pas ratée! she didn't half hurt herself when she fell off her bike! -
7 versagen
I v/i fail (auch Person etc.); TECH. auch break down; Motor: stall; jämmerlich versagen fail miserably; die Beine versagten ihr ( den Dienst) her legs gave way (Am. out); seine Stimme versagte his voice failed him; sein Gedächtnis versagte his memory failed him ( oder let him down)II v/t geh. (verweigern) refuse, deny; jemandem etw. versagen refuse ( oder deny) s.o. s.th.; es war ihnen versagt, den Raum zu betreten etc. they were denied entrance to the room etc.; jemandem den Dienst versagen refuse to obey s.o.; sich (Dat) etw. versagen deny o.s. s.th., for(e)go s.th.; es blieb ihm versagt it was denied him, he was denied it; es blieb ihm versagt, es zu tun it was denied him to do it, he was not to do it; Kinder sind uns versagt geblieben we have been denied children* * *das Versagenbreakdown; failure* * *Ver|sa|gen [fɛɐ'zaːgn]nt -s, no plfailure; (von Maschine) breakdownmenschliches Verságen — human error
* * *1) (to be unsuccessful (in); not to manage (to do something): They failed in their attempt; I failed my exam; I failed to post the letter.) fail2) (to break down or cease to work: The brakes failed.) fail3) (the state or act of failing: She was upset by her failure in the exam; failure of the electricity supply.) failure4) (to come to an end: My patience gave out.) give out5) (to fail etc: I think the clutch on this car has gone.) go6) (faulty performance or a faulty process: There's a malfunction in the main engine.) malfunction7) ((of a gun, bomb etc) to fail to explode or catch fire.) misfire8) ((of a plan etc) to go wrong.) misfire* * *Ver·sa·gen<-s>menschliches \Versagen human error2. (Fehlfunktion) failureein \Versagen des Herzens/der Nieren a heart/kidney failure* * *1.intransitives Verb fail; <machine, engine> stop [working], break down2.jemandem etwas versagen — deny or refuse somebody something
3.ich konnte es mir nicht versagen, darauf zu antworten — I could not refrain from answering
reflexives Verbsich jemandem versagen — refuse to give oneself or surrender to somebody
* * *jämmerlich versagen fail miserably;die Beine versagten ihr (den Dienst) her legs gave way (US out);seine Stimme versagte his voice failed him;sein Gedächtnis versagte his memory failed him ( oder let him down)B. v/t geh (verweigern) refuse, deny;jemandem etwas versagen refuse ( oder deny) sb sth;es war ihnen versagt, den Raum zu betreten etc they were denied entrance to the room etc;jemandem den Dienst versagen refuse to obey sb;sich (dat)etwas versagen deny o.s. sth, for(e)go sth;es blieb ihm versagt it was denied him, he was denied it;es blieb ihm versagt, es zu tun it was denied him to do it, he was not to do it;Kinder sind uns versagt geblieben we have been denied childrenC. v/r geh:* * *1.intransitives Verb fail; <machine, engine> stop [working], break down2.jemandem etwas versagen — deny or refuse somebody something
3.ich konnte es mir nicht versagen, darauf zu antworten — I could not refrain from answering
reflexives Verbsich jemandem versagen — refuse to give oneself or surrender to somebody
* * *n.breakdown n.failure n. -
8 sortie
sortie [sɔʀti]1. feminine nouna. ( = action, moment) [de personne] exit ; [de véhicule, bateau] departure ; (Military) ( = mission) sortie ; (Theatre) exit• à sa sortie, tous se sont tus when he went out everybody fell silent• les sauveteurs ont fait 30 sorties en mer cette semaine the lifeboatmen were called out 30 times this week• à la sortie des bureaux/théâtres when the offices/theatres come out• sa mère l'attend tous les jours à la sortie de l'école his mother waits for him every day after school• à sa sortie de prison when he comes (or came) out of prisonb. ( = fin) endc. ( = promenade) outing ; (le soir: au théâtre, au cinéma etc) evening out• il est de sortie [soldat, domestique] it's his day off• sortie éducative or scolaire (School) field tripd. ( = lieu) exit• « sortie de camions » "vehicle exit"• par ici la sortie ! this way out!e. ( = remarque drôle) sally ; ( = remarque incongrue) peculiar remarkf. ( = mise en vente) [de voiture, modèle] launching ; [de livre] publication ; [de disque, film] releaseg. [de marchandises, devises] exporth. ( = somme dépensée) item of expenditure• faire une sortie [gardien de but] to come out of goal2. compounds* * *sɔʀti1) ( lieu) exitprenez la première sortie — ( sur une route) take the first exit
‘sortie’ — ( sur un panneau) ‘exit’, ‘way out’ GB
à la sortie de la ville — ( extra-muros) on the outskirts of the town; ( intra-muros) on the edge of the town
2) ( moment)à ma sortie du tribunal/de l'armée — when I left the court/the army
sa femme l'attendait à sa sortie de prison — his wife was waiting for him when he came out of prison
l'heure de la sortie — École home time; ( du travail) knocking-off (colloq) time
3) ( départ)faire une sortie fracassante — [personne] to make a dramatic exit
4) ( activité) gén outingce soir, c'est mon soir de sortie — tonight is my night out
5) ( commercialisation) ( de nouveau modèle) launching [U]; (de film, disque) release; ( de livre) publication; ( de collection) showing; ( de nouveau journal) publication6) (colloq) ( déclaration) remark7) Électrotechnique, Informatique outputsortie sur imprimante — ( processus) printing
sortie laser — ( processus) hardcopy laser output; ( feuille imprimée) laser hardcopy
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *sɔʀti nf1) (= issue) way out, exit"sortie de camions" — "vehicle exit"
à sa sortie, elle... — as she left, she...
à sa sortie, il... — as she left, he...
à la sortie de l'école/l'usine (moment) — after school/work, when school/the factory comes out
Attends-moi à la sortie de l'école. — Meet me after school., (lieu) at the school/factory gates
faire une fausse sortie lit, fig — to make a stage exit
3) [gaz, eau] outlet4) (= promenade) outing, (le soir) night out5) MILITAIRE sortie6) fig (verbale: colère, indignation) outburst, (= trait d'esprit) sally, (parole incongrue) odd remarkÀ la sortie du nouveau modèle, les commandes ont afflué. — When the new model came out, orders poured in for it.
8) [capitaux] outflow9) COMMERCE (= somme) item of expendituredes sorties — items of expenditure, outgoings
10) INFORMATIQUE, [données] output11) [imprimante] hard copy, printout* * *sortie nf1 ( lieu) exit; la sortie est à gauche the exit is to the left; je t'attendrai à la sortie I'll wait for you outside (the building); prenez la première sortie ( sur une route) take the first exit; ‘sortie’ ( sur un panneau) ‘exit’, ‘way out’ GB; trouver la sortie ( de l'intérieur) to find one's way out; la sortie est indiquée par une flèche the exit ou way out GB is shown by an arrow; raccompagner qn jusqu'à la sortie to see sb out; à la sortie de la ville ( extra-muros) on the outskirts of the town; ( intra-muros) on the edge of the town; à la sortie ouest de la ville on the western edge of the town; les sorties de Paris sont encombrées the roads out of Paris are busy; surveiller la sortie des écoles to patrol the school gates; à la sortie du canal de Suez at the mouth of the Suez canal;2 ( moment) à ma sortie du tribunal/de l'armée/de la réunion when I left the court/the army/the meeting; sa femme l'attendait à sa sortie de prison his wife was waiting for him when he came out of prison; depuis ma sortie de prison since I came out of prison; à leur sortie d'hôpital when they came out of hospital; prendre ses enfants à la sortie de l'école to pick the children up after school; se retrouver à la sortie de l'école/du théâtre to meet after school/the play; mendier à la sortie des cinémas/églises to beg outside cinemas/churches; être arrêté à sa sortie du territoire to be arrested as one is leaving the country; six mois après leur sortie de l'université six months after they left college; à la sortie de l'hiver at the end of winter; sortie des usines/bureaux/magasins knocking-off○ time; à la sortie des usines/bureaux/magasins when the factories/offices/shops GB ou stores US turn out GB ou lock up US; l'heure de la sortie Scol home time; Entr knocking-off○ time;3 ( départ) faire une sortie fracassante/remarquée [personne] to make a sensational/conspicuous exit; je suis las de tes entrées et sorties continuelles I'm tired of your constant comings and goings; sortie d'un navire departure of a boat; la sortie de la récession/crise the end of the recession/crisis; la sortie de la livre hors du SME the withdrawal of the pound from the ERM; la sortie des Républiques hors de l'union the republics' withdrawal from the union; le droit à la libre sortie du territoire the right to travel freely abroad; être interdit de sortie (du territoire) to be forbidden to leave the country; jusqu'à la sortie du ventre maternel until the moment of birth;4 ( activité) gén outing; économiser sur les sorties to cut down on outings; faire une sortie to go on an outing; être de sortie○ [élèves] to be on an outing; faire une sortie avec l'école to go on a school outing; sortie à la campagne outing to the country; ce soir, c'est mon soir de sortie tonight is my evening out; le samedi est mon jour de sortie Saturday is my day out; c'est la sortie du samedi soir it's Saturday night out; priver qn de sortie to forbid sb to go out; première sortie d'un convalescent a convalescent's first time out; le patron est de sortie○ the boss is out; première sortie en coupe du monde Sport first game in the world cup;5 ( commercialisation) ( de nouveau modèle) launching ¢; (de film, disque) release; ( de livre) publication; ( de collection) presentation; ( de nouveau journal) publication; le film/livre a été interdit dès sa sortie the film/book was banned as soon as it came out; lors de la sortie parisienne du film when the film was released in Paris; la sortie du journal est à six heures the newspaper comes out at six o'clock; le numéro a été entièrement vendu dès sa sortie the issue sold out as soon as it went on sale;6 ○( déclaration) remark; faire une sortie désagréable to make a nasty remark;7 Électron, Électrotech, Ordinat output; données de sortie output data; puissance de sortie output power; signal de sortie output signal; sortie sur imprimante ( processus) printing; faire une sortie sur imprimante to print; sortie laser ( processus) hardcopy laser output; ( feuille imprimée) laser hardcopy;9 Théât ( d'acteur) sortie (de scène) exit; il a été applaudi à sa sortie (de scène) he was applauded as he left the stage; rater○ sa sortie to fluff○ one's exit; ⇒ faux;13 Écon ( de marchandises) export;14 Tech ( orifice) outlet; sortie des gaz d'échappement ( processus) discharge of exhaust gases; sortie des eaux usées ( emplacement) sewage outfall; ( processus) discharge of sewage.sortie des artistes Théât stage-door; sortie d'autoroute exit; sortie de bain Mode bathrobe; être en sortie de bain to be wearing a bathrobe; sortie de but ( au football) goal-kick; sortie en corner corner; ‘sortie d'école’ ( sur un panneau) ‘school’; sortie éducative field trip; sortie dans l'espace spacewalk; faire une sortie dans l'espace to walk in space; sortie de mêlée ( au rugby) heel-out; sortie scolaire ( d'un jour) school outing; ( de plus d'un jour) school trip; sortie en touche ( au football) throw-in; sortie (en touche) pour Pau Pau throw-in; ‘sortie de véhicules’ ( sur un panneau) ‘vehicle exit’.je t'attends or tu vas voir à la sortie○! I'll get you outside![sɔrti] nom féminin1. [action] exitsa sortie fut très remarquée her exit ou departure did not go unnoticed2. [moment]à ma sortie de prison/d'hôpital when I come (ou came) out of prison/hospital, on my release from prison/discharge from hospitalles journalistes l'ont assaillie dès sa sortie de l'hôtel the journalists thronged round her as soon as she stepped ou came out of the hotelà la sortie des bureaux/usines, la circulation est infernale when the offices/factories come out, the traffic is hellretrouvons-nous à la sortie du travail/spectacle let's meet after work/the showil s'est retourné à la sortie du virage he rolled (his car) over just after ou as he came out of the bend3. [fin] endà ma sortie de l'école [à la fin de mes études] when I left school4. [excursion, promenade] outing[soirée en ville] evening ou night outon a organisé une petite sortie en famille/à vélo we've organized a little family outing/cycle ridesortie éducative ou scolaire school outingles pompiers font jusqu'à vingt sorties par semaine the firemen are called out up to twenty times a weekpar ici la sortie! this way out, please!‘attention, sortie de garage/véhicules’ ‘caution, garage entrance/vehicle exit’7. [sur route] exit[de capital] outflow[sujet de dépense] item of expenditure[dépense] outgoing9. [d'un disque, d'un film] release[d'un roman] publication[d'un modèle] launch[option sur programme] exit11. SPORT [aux jeux de ballon]sortie en touche going out of play ou into touchfaire une sortie [gardien de but] to come out of goal, to leave the goalmouth[en gymnastique] exit12. [d'un cheval] outing[emportement] outburst15. IMPRIMERIE [des presses] delivery————————de sortie locution adjectivalec'est son jour de sortie [d'un domestique] it's his/her day offêtre de sortie [domestique] to have one's day off -
9 nouveau
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. adjectivea. newb. ( = autre, supplémentaire) another2. masculine nouna. ( = homme) new man ; ( = élève) new boyb. ( = nouveauté) y a-t-il du nouveau à ce sujet ? is there anything new on this?3. feminine nouna. ( = femme) new woman ; ( = élève) new girl• ce n'est pas une nouvelle ! that's nothing new!• vous connaissez la nouvelle ? have you heard the news?• première nouvelle ! that's the first I've heard about it!c. ( = court récit) short story4. plural feminine noun• quelles nouvelles ? what's new?• aux dernières nouvelles, il était à Paris the last I (or we etc) heard he was in Paris• avez-vous de ses nouvelles ? have you heard from him? ; (par un tiers) have you had any news of him?• il aura de mes nouvelles ! (inf) I'll give him a piece of my mind!5. compounds* * *
1.
1) (qui remplace, succède) [modèle, locataire] new; ( qui s'ajoute) [attentat, tentative] freshse faire faire un nouveau costume — ( pour remplacer) to have a new suit made; ( supplémentaire) to have another suit made
faire une nouvelle tentative — to make another ou a fresh attempt
2) ( d'apparition récente) [mot, virus, science, ville] new; ( de la saison) [pommes de terre, vin] new3) ( original) [ligne, méthode] new, original4) ( novice)
2.
nom masculin, féminin ( à l'école) new student; ( dans une entreprise) new employee; ( à l'armée) new recruitje ne sais pas, je suis nouveau — I don't know, I'm new here
3.
nom masculin1) ( rebondissement)2) ( nouveauté)
4.
à nouveau, de nouveau locution adverbiale (once) againPhrasal Verbs:••* * *nuvo, nuvɛl (nouvelle) nouvel (devant un nom masculin commençant par une voyelle ou un h muet) nouveaux mpl1. adj1) (remplacé) newIl me faut un nouveau pantalon. — I need some new trousers.
Elle a une nouvelle voiture. — She's got a new car.
2) (en plus) anotherIl y eu un nouvel accident au carrefour. — There's been another accident at the crossroads.
3) (élève) newIl y a un nouvel élève dans ma classe. — There's a new boy in my class.
4) (récent) newC'est nouveau, essayez-le. — It's new, try it.
5) (= original) (idée, solution) novel2. nm/f1) (élève) new pupil2) (étudiant) new student3) (employé) new employeeIl y a plusieurs nouveaux dans la classe. — There are several new children in the class.
3. nmIl y a du nouveau. — There's something new., There's a new development.
Il pleut de nouveau. — It's raining again.
4. nf1) (= information) piece of news, news sgC'est une nouvelle intéressante. — That's interesting news.
être sans nouvelles de qn; Je suis sans nouvelles de lui. — I haven't heard from him.
2) LITTÉRATURE short story5. nouvelles nfplPRESSE, TV news* * *A adj1 (qui remplace, succède, s'ajoute) new; le nouveau modèle/système/locataire the new model/system/tenant; où se trouve la nouvelle entrée? where's the new entrance?; c'est le nouveau Nijinsky he's the new ou a second Nijinsky; se faire faire un nouveau costume ( pour remplacer) to have a new suit made; ( supplémentaire) to have another ou a new suit made; il a subi une nouvelle opération he's had another ou a new operation; il y a eu un nouvel incident there's been another ou a new ou a fresh incident; faire une nouvelle tentative to make another ou a new ou a fresh attempt; ces nouveaux attentats these new ou fresh atta!cks; procéder à de nouvelles arrestations to make further arrests; nous avons de nouvelles preuves de leur culpabilité we have further evidence of their guilt; une nouvelle fois once again;2 ( d'apparition récente) [mot, virus, science, ville] new; ( de la saison) [pommes de terre, vin] new; tiens, tu fumes! c'est nouveau? you're smoking! is this a new habit?; c'est nouveau ce manteau? is this a new coat?; ce genre de travail est nouveau pour moi this sort of work is new to me, I'm new to this sort of work; tout nouveau brand-new; les nouveaux élus the newly-elected members; les nouveaux mariés the newlyweds; la nouvelle venue the newcomer; les nouveaux venus the newcomers; ⇒ pauvre C;3 ( original) [ligne, conception, méthode] new, original; voir qch sous un jour nouveau to see sth in a new light; c'est une façon très nouvelle d'aborder le problème it's a very novel approach to the problem; ce n'est pas nouveau this is nothing new; il n'y a rien de nouveau there's nothing new;4 ( novice) être nouveau dans le métier/en affaires to be new to the job/in business.B nm,f1 ( à l'école) new student; tu as vu la nouvelle? have you seen the new student?;2 ( dans une entreprise) new employee; il y a trois nouveaux dans le bureau there are three new people in the office; je ne sais pas, je suis nouveau I don't know, I'm new here;3 ( à l'armée) new recruit.C nm1 ( rebondissement) il y a du nouveau ( dans un processus) there's been a new development; ( dans une situation) there' s been a change; téléphone-moi s'il y a du nouveau give me a ring GB ou call if there is anything new (to report); j'ai du nouveau pour toi I've got some news for you;2 ( nouveauté) il nous faut du nouveau we want something new.D nouvelle nf1 ( annonce d'un événement) news ¢; une nouvelle gén a piece of news; Presse, TV, Radio a news item; une bonne/mauvaise nouvelle some good/bad news; j'ai une grande nouvelle (à t'annoncer) I've got some exciting news (for you); j'ai appris deux bonnes nouvelles I've heard two pieces of good news; tu connais la nouvelle? have you heard the news?; première nouvelle○! that's news to me!, that's the first I've heard of it!; la nouvelle de qch the news of [décès, arrestation, mariage]; la nouvel!le de sa mort nous a beaucoup peinés we were very sa!d to hear about his/her death; ⇒ faux;2 Littérat short story; un recueil de nouvelles a collection of short stories.F nouvelles nfpl1 ( renseignements) news (sg); recevoir des nouvelles de qn ( par la personne elle-même) to hear from sb; ( par un intermédiaire) to hear news of sb; il y a un mois que je suis sans nouvelles de lui I haven't heard from him for a month; on est sans nouvelles des prisonniers we've had no news of the prisoners; je prendrai de tes nouvelles I'll hear how you're getting on; donne-moi de tes nouvelles let me know how you're getting on; il m'a demandé de tes nouvelles he asked after you; faire prendre des nouvelles d'un malade to send for news of a patient; je viens aux nouvelles○ ( de ce qui s'est passé) I've come to see what's happened; ( de ce qui se passe) I've come to see what's happening; aux dernières nouvelles, il se porte bien○ the last I heard he was doing fine; il aura de mes nouvelles○! he'll be hearing from me!; goûte ce petit vin, tu m'en diras des nouvelles○ have a taste of this wine, it's really good!;2 Presse, Radio, TV les nouvelles the news (sg); les nouvelles sont mauvaises the news is bad; les nouvelles du front news from the front.nouveau franc new franc; nouveau philosophe Philos member of a French school of philosophy developed in the 70's; nouveau riche nouveau riche; nouveau roman nouveau roman; Nouveau Monde New World; Nouveau Réalisme New Realism; Nouveau Testament New Testament; Nouveaux pays industrialisés, NPI newly industrialized countries, NIC; Nouvel An New Year; fêter le Nouvel An to celebrate the New Year; pour le Nouvel An for the New Year; le Nouvel An chinois/juif the Chinese/Jewish New Year; nouvelle année = Nouvel An; nouvelle cuisine Culin nouvelle cuisine; Nouvelle Vague Cin New Wave.tout nouveau tout beau the novelty will soon wear off; pas de nouvelles, bonnes nouvelles! Prov no news is good news![nuvo] (devant nom masculin commençant par voyelle ou 'h' muet nouvel [nuvɛl]) ( féminin nouvelle [nuvɛl], pluriel masculin nouveaux [nuvo], pluriel féminin nouvelles [nuvɛl]) adjectifc'est tout nouveau, ça vient de sortira. it's new, it's just come outnouveaux mariés newlyweds, newly married couplenouveaux élus [députés] new ou newly-elected deputiesnouvel an, nouvelle année New Yearle bail est reconduit pour une nouvelle période de trois ans the lease is renewed for a further three years ou another three-year periodun esprit/un son nouveau est né a new spirit/sound is bornune conception nouvelle a novel ou fresh approachporter un regard nouveau sur quelqu'un/quelque chose to take a fresh look at somebody/something5. [inhabituel] newce dossier est nouveau pour moi this case is new to me, I'm new to this case6. [novateur]les Nouveaux philosophesgroup of left-wing, post-Marxist thinkers including André Glucksmann and Bernard-Henri Lévy who came to prominence in the late 1970snouveau roman nouveau roman (term applied to the work, mainly in the 1950s and 1960s, of a number of novelists who rejected the assumptions of the traditional novel)nouveau nom masculinrien de nouveau depuis la dernière fois nothing new ou special since last time————————à nouveau locution adverbiale————————de nouveau locution adverbiale————————nouvelle vague nom féminin————————nouvelle vague locution adjectivale invariablenew-generation (modificateur)————————Nouvelle Vague nom fémininThis expression refers to a group of French filmmakers, including François Truffaut and Jean-Luc Godard, who broke away from conventional style and methods in the late 1950s and produced some of the most influential films of the period using simple techniques and everyday settings. -
10 premier
premier, -ière1 [pʀəmje, jεʀ]1. adjective• arriver/être premier to arrive/be firstc. ( = de base) [échelon, grade] bottom ; [ébauche, projet] first• quel est votre premier prix pour ce type de voyage ? what do your prices start at for this kind of trip?d. ( = originel, fondamental) [cause, donnée, principe] basic ; [objectif] primary ; [état] initial, original2. masculine noun, feminine nouna. (dans le temps, l'espace) first• parler/passer/sortir le premier to speak/go/go out first• elle fut l'une des premières à... she was one of the first to...b. (dans une hiérarchie, un ordre) il a été reçu dans les premiers he was in the top fewc. (dans une série, une comparaison) Pierre et Paul sont cousins, le premier est médecin Peter and Paul are cousins, the former is a doctor3. masculine nouna. first• c'est leur premier ( = enfant) it's their first child• mon premier est... (charade) my first is in...► en premier [arriver, parler] first• pour lui, la famille vient toujours en premier his family always comes first4. compounds* * *
1.
- ière pʀəmje, ɛʀ adjectif1) ( dans le temps) first2) ( dans l'espace) first3) ( dans une série) first‘livre premier’ — ‘book one’
Napoléon Ier — Napoleon I, Napoleon the First
4) ( dans une hiérarchie) [artiste, écrivain, puissance] leading; [élève, étudiant] topêtre premier — [élève, étudiant] to be top; [coureur] to be first
nos premiers prix or tarifs — ( pour voyages) our cheapest holidays GB ou package tours US; ( pour billets) our cheapest tickets
5) ( originel) [impression] first, initial; [éclat] initial; [aspect] original6) ( essentiel) [qualité] prime; [objectif, conséquence] primary7) Philosophie [terme, notion, donnée] fundamental; [vérité, principe] first
2.
nom masculin, féminin1) ( dans le temps) first2) ( dans une énumération) firstle premier de mes fils — ( sur deux fils) my elder son; ( sur plus de deux fils) my eldest son
3) ( dans un classement)arriver le premier — [coureur] to come first
être le premier de la classe — [élève] to be top of the class
3.
nom masculin1) ( dans un bâtiment) first floor GB, second floor US2) ( jour du mois) first3) ( arrondissement) first arrondissement
4.
en premier locution adverbiale
5.
de première (colloq) locution adjective first-ratec'est de première — it's first-class ou first-rate
Phrasal Verbs:* * *pʀəmje, jɛʀ (-ière)1. adj1) (dans le temps) firstC'est notre premier jour de vacances depuis Noël. — It's our first day off since Christmas.
C'est la première fois que je viens ici. — It's the first time I've been here.
du premier coup — at the first attempt, at the first go
Il est arrivé premier. — He came first., He was the first to arrive.
2) (du bas) (branche, marche, grade) lowest, bottomau premier étage — on the first floor Grande-Bretagne on the second floor USA
3) (en importance) firstde premier ordre — first-class, first-rate
de première qualité; de premier choix — best quality, top quality
4) (= fondamental) basic5)le Premier ministre — the Prime Minister, the Premier, the Premier of Queensland, the Queensland Premier
2. nm1) (= premier étage) first floor Grande-Bretagne second floor USA2) (= personne)3) (= jour)4)3. nf1) (= personne)2) AUTOMOBILES (= vitesse) first, first gear3) CHEMINS DE FER, AVIATION (= classe) first class4) ÉDUCATION (= classe) Year 12sixth year of secondary school (age 16-17)5) [spectacle] THÉÂTRE first night, CINÉMA première6) (chose faite pour la première fois) first* * *A adj1 ( qui commence une série) [habitant, emploi, automobile, symptôme] first; Adam fut le premier homme Adam was the first man; c'est la première fois que je viens ici this is the first time I've been here; la première et la dernière fois the first and last time; les premiers temps de the initial period of; (dans) les premiers temps tout allait bien at first things went well;2 ( qui précède dans l'espace) [porte, rue, visage, carrefour] first; les trois premières rues the first three streets; les premières marches (de l'escalier) the first few steps;3 ( dans une série) [numéro, chapitre, mot, candidat] first; première personne du singulier/du pluriel first person singular/plural; le premier janvier/juin the first of January/of June; article premier du code pénal first article of the penal code; ‘livre premier’ ‘book one’; Napoléon Ier Napoleon I ou the First; Elisabeth Ire Elizabeth I ou the First;4 ( par sa supériorité) [artiste, écrivain, producteur, puissance] leading; [élève, étudiant] top; le premier producteur mondial de vin the world's leading wine producer; être premier [élève, étudiant] to be top; [coureur] to be first; il est premier en physique he's top in physics; terminer or arriver premier [coureur] to come first; une affaire de première importance/urgence a matter of the utmost importance/urgency; article de première nécessité an absolutely essential item;5 ( par son infériorité) [billet, ticket, place] cheapest; nos premiers prix or tarifs ( pour voyages) our cheapest holidays GB ou package tours US; ( pour billets) our cheapest tickets;6 ( originel) [impression] first, initial; [vivacité, éclat] initial; [aspect] original; recouvrer sa santé première to recover one's health;B nm,f1 ( qui se présente d'abord) first; vous êtes le premier à me le dire you are the first to tell me; il est toujours le premier à se plaindre he's always the first to complain; sortir le premier to go out first; arriver le premier, arriver les premiers to arrive first; les premiers arrivés seront les premiers servis first come, first served;2 ( dans une énumération) first; je préfère le premier I prefer the first one; le premier de mes fils ( sur deux fils) my elder son; ( sur plus de deux fils) my eldest son;3 ( dans un classement) arriver le premier [coureur] to come first; être le premier de la classe [élève] to be top of the class; il est le premier en latin he's top in Latin.C nm1 ( dans un bâtiment) first floor GB, second floor US; monter/descendre au premier to go up/to go down to the first GB ou second US floor; habiter au premier to live on the first GB ou second US floor;2 ( jour du mois) first; être payé tous les premiers du mois to be paid on the first of every month; le premier de l'an New Year's Day;3 ( arrondissement) first arrondissement; habiter dans le premier to live in the first arrondissement;4 ( dans une charade) first; mon premier est my first is.D en premier loc adv faire qch en premier to do sth first; faire passer son travail en premier to put one's work first; recourir à l'arme nucléaire en premier to resort to nuclear weapons in the first instance; citons en premier le livre de notre collègue first of all there's our colleague's book; il faut en premier baisser l'impôt sur les bénéfices first of all it is necessary to reduce taxes on profits.E première nf1 (événement important, exploit) first; première mondiale world first;4 Aut first (gear); être en première to be in first (gear); passer la première to go into first (gear); rouler en première to drive in first (gear);5 ○ Rail, Aviat first class; voyager en première to travel first class; un billet de première a first-class ticket;6 ( couturière dirigeant un atelier) head seamstress;7 ( en alpinisme) first ascent; premier solitaire first solo-ascent;8 ( dans une chaussure) insole.premier âge [produits, vêtements] for babies up to six months ( après n); premier clerc chief clerk; premier communiant boy making his first communion; premier de cordée leader; premier danseur leading dancer; premier jet first ou rough draft; premier maître intermediate rank between chief petty officer and fleet chief petty officer GB, ≈ master chief petty officer US; premier ministre prime minister; premier secrétaire (d'un parti, organisme) first secretary; premier venu just anybody; elle s'est jetée dans les bras du premier venu she threw herself into the arms of the first man to come along; premier violon Mus first violin, leader; première classe Mil ≈ private; première communiante Relig girl making her first communion; première communion Relig first communion; première épreuve Imprim first proof; première nouvelle! that's the first I've heard about it; premiers secours first aid ¢.ⓘ Premier ministre The chief minister of the government, appointed by the Président de la République and responsible for the overall management of government affairs.1. (souvent avant le nom) [initial] earlyles premiers temps at the beginning, early on2. [proche] neareston s'est arrêtés dans le premier hôtel venu we stopped at the first hotel we came to ou happened to come to4. [dans une série] firstà la première heure first thing, at first lightdans un premier temps (at) first, to start with, to begin withil a fait ses premières armes à la "Gazette du Nord" he cut his teeth at the "Gazette du Nord"j'ai fait mes premières armes dans le métier comme apprenti cuisinier I started in the trade as a cook's apprenticepremier jet (first) ou rough ou initial drafta. [personnes et matériel] emergency servicesb. [soins] first aida. [généralement] first partb. [au spectacle] opening act5. [principal] mainde (toute) première nécessité/urgence (absolutely) essential/urgentc'est vous le premier intéressé you're the main person concerned ou the one who's got most at stakesortir premier d'une Grande école to be first on the pass list (in the final exam of a Grande école)l'idée première était de... the original idea was to...8. [spontané] firstson premier mouvement his first ou spontaneous impulse9. (après le nom) [fondamental] firstMATHÉMATIQUES [nombre] prime[polynôme] irreducibleprincipe premier first ou basic principle10. [moindre]et ta récitation, tu n'en connais pas le premier mot! you haven't a clue about your recitation, have you?la robe coûte 400 euros et je n'en ai pas le premier sou the dress costs 400 euros and I haven't a penny (UK) ou cent (US) to my name11. GRAMMAIREpremière personne du singulier/pluriel first person singular/pluralvoir aussi link=pluriel pluriel12. CUISINEcôte/côtelette première prime rib/cutlet————————, première [prəmje, ɛr] nom masculin, nom féminin1. [personne]elle est la première de sa classe/au hit-parade she's top of her class/the charts2. [chose]3. [celui-là]plantez des roses ou des tulipes, mais les premières durent plus longtemps plant roses or tulips, but the former last longervoir aussi link=cinquième cinquième————————nom masculin1. [dans une charade]3. [dans des dates]Aix, le premier juin Aix, June 1stle premier avril April Fool's ou All Fools Dayle premier janvier ou de l'an New Year's Day————————première nom féminin2. [exploit]être/passer en première to be in/to go into firstbillet/wagon de première first-class ticket/carriage8. IMPRIMERIE [épreuve] first proof[édition - d'un livre] first edition ; [ - d'un journal] early edition9. [d'une chaussure] insole————————de première locution adjectivale————————en premier locution adverbialepremier de cordée nom masculin————————premier degré nom masculin2. [phase initiale] first step3. (figuré)————————premier prix nom masculin1. COMMERCE lowest ou cheapest pricedans les premiers prix at the cheaper ou lower end of the scale2. [récompense] first prize -
11 sortita
sortita s.f.1 (mil.) sally, sortie3 ( trovata spiritosa) quip, witty remark, (wise)crack: ha avuto una bella sortita, he made a good wisecrack.* * *[sor'tita]sostantivo femminile1) mil. sortie, sally2) (battuta) sally, witty remark* * *sortita/sor'tita/sostantivo f.2 (battuta) sally, witty remark. -
12 Versagen
I v/i fail (auch Person etc.); TECH. auch break down; Motor: stall; jämmerlich versagen fail miserably; die Beine versagten ihr ( den Dienst) her legs gave way (Am. out); seine Stimme versagte his voice failed him; sein Gedächtnis versagte his memory failed him ( oder let him down)II v/t geh. (verweigern) refuse, deny; jemandem etw. versagen refuse ( oder deny) s.o. s.th.; es war ihnen versagt, den Raum zu betreten etc. they were denied entrance to the room etc.; jemandem den Dienst versagen refuse to obey s.o.; sich (Dat) etw. versagen deny o.s. s.th., for(e)go s.th.; es blieb ihm versagt it was denied him, he was denied it; es blieb ihm versagt, es zu tun it was denied him to do it, he was not to do it; Kinder sind uns versagt geblieben we have been denied children* * *das Versagenbreakdown; failure* * *Ver|sa|gen [fɛɐ'zaːgn]nt -s, no plfailure; (von Maschine) breakdownmenschliches Verságen — human error
* * *1) (to be unsuccessful (in); not to manage (to do something): They failed in their attempt; I failed my exam; I failed to post the letter.) fail2) (to break down or cease to work: The brakes failed.) fail3) (the state or act of failing: She was upset by her failure in the exam; failure of the electricity supply.) failure4) (to come to an end: My patience gave out.) give out5) (to fail etc: I think the clutch on this car has gone.) go6) (faulty performance or a faulty process: There's a malfunction in the main engine.) malfunction7) ((of a gun, bomb etc) to fail to explode or catch fire.) misfire8) ((of a plan etc) to go wrong.) misfire* * *Ver·sa·gen<-s>menschliches \Versagen human error2. (Fehlfunktion) failureein \Versagen des Herzens/der Nieren a heart/kidney failure* * *1.intransitives Verb fail; <machine, engine> stop [working], break down2.jemandem etwas versagen — deny or refuse somebody something
3.ich konnte es mir nicht versagen, darauf zu antworten — I could not refrain from answering
reflexives Verbsich jemandem versagen — refuse to give oneself or surrender to somebody
* * ** * *1.intransitives Verb fail; <machine, engine> stop [working], break down2.jemandem etwas versagen — deny or refuse somebody something
3.ich konnte es mir nicht versagen, darauf zu antworten — I could not refrain from answering
reflexives Verbsich jemandem versagen — refuse to give oneself or surrender to somebody
* * *n.breakdown n.failure n. -
13 þreskjöldr
m. [this word is derived from þreskja and völlr, and prop. means a threshing-floor, because in ancient times the floor at the entrance was used for threshing, but it then came to mean the block of wood or stone beneath the door, doorsill or threshold; and that in ancient times it was so, is borne out by phrases as, Gríma sat á þreskeldi, Fbr.; or, stíga yfir þresköldinn, Eb. l. c.; or, þresköldrinn var hár fyrir durunum, O. H. L. 85; see the references. The latter part of the compd, -öldr, is from a time when the older ld had not as yet become assimilated into ll. The word is declined like völlr; nom. þreskjöldr, or, dropping the j, þresköldr: acc. þreskjöld or þresköld, Bs. i. 44, Fms. v. 140, Fbr. 14, Korm. 10, Eb. 220, Fs. 68, Edda ii. 122, Hkr. iii. 116, N. G. L. i. 18, 431: dat. þreskeldi, Fms. ii. 149, Fbr. 98 new Ed., N. G. L. i. 18, 431; in rhymes eldhúss þresk eldi, Kormak: nom. plur. þreskeldir, Bs. i. 736; acc. þresköldu, Stj. 436 (spelt þrescavlldo): examples are wanting of gen. sing. and plur.2. but as the etymology was forgotten, the forms soon got confused, e. g. the curious various readings to N. G. L. ii. 110, þreskilldi, þreskjalda, þreskalda, þreskalla, þreskaldi, þreskolli, þreskæli, all dat.: acc. sing. changing ö into e, þreskelld, Stj. 436 (Cod. A): dat. changing e into i, þreskildi (as if from skjöldr), H. E. i. 496, N. G. L. ii. l. c. The form þrepskjöldr, found in mod. Icel. books, is a bad attempt at an etymology, as if it were derived from þrep and skjöldr. The form tréskjöldrinn, O. H. L. 85. l. 21, is prob. merely a scribe’s error,3. at last came the mod. form þröskuldr, declined as a regular substantive (like Höskulldr), Sturl. iii. 33; [A. S. þerscwold or þerscold; Engl. threshold; Dan. tærskel; O. H. G. dirscuwili.]B. A threshold, passim, see above.2. metaph. an isthmus or ridge flooded at high water, between the mainland and an island; þeir réru inn til Arneyjar-sunds …; var þar svá, til farit at þröskuldr lá á sundinu, en djúpt at tvá vega, var þar riðit at fjörum, en eigi flóðum, Sturl. iii. 33 (the ridges leading to the island Langey, in Skarðströnd in western Icel., are still locally called ‘Þröskuldar’).II. metaph. as a gramm. term, a figure of speech, when one word ends and the next begins with the same consonant; þenna löst köllu vér þresklld, Skálda (Edda ii. 122; þræsklld, 412, l. c.) -
14 podejś|cie
Ⅰ sv ⇒ podejść Ⅱ n 1. (droga pod górę) climb- ostre a. strome/niebezpieczne/łagodne podejście a steep/dangerous/gentle climb2. sgt (stosunek) attitude, approach- dobre/złe/rzeczowe podejście do sprawy the right/a wrong/a matter-of-fact approach to the matter- naukowe podejście do tematu a scientific approach to the subject- mieć właściwe podejście do dzieci/ludzi starszych to have the right touch with children/the elderly; (próba) to jego pierwsze/drugie podejście do egzaminu it’s the first/second time he’s taken the exam- zdał na studia za pierwszym podejściem he passed the entrance exam at the first attemptThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > podejś|cie
-
15 ἔφοδος
-ου ἡ N 2 0-0-0-0-9=9 1 Mc 9,68; 11,44; 14,21; 2 Mc 5,1; 8,12approach, coming, entrance 1 Mc 11,44; attempt, plan, method 1 Mc 9,68 -
16 ἔφοδος
ἔφοδ-ος (A), ον,------------------------------------ἔφοδ-ος (B), ὁ,2 inspector, PTeb.30.27 (ii B. C.).------------------------------------ἔφοδ-ος (C), ἡ,A approach, Th.4.129, 6.99 (pl.);αὐτόθεν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους X. An.4.2.6
; εἰς τὸν λόφον ib.3.4.41; entrance to a holy place, Jahresh. 18 Beibl.23 (Cilicia, ii A. D.); ἔφοδον θύειν sacrifice on arrival, GDI 2501.34 (Delph.).b ἔφοδοι θαλάττης advance of the tides, Thphr. Metaph.29.c in argument, method of reasoning,ἡ ἀπὸ τῶν καθ' ἕκαστον ἐπὶ τὰ καθόλου ἔ. Arist.Top. 105a14
; τὰ ἀκόλουθα, τὰ ἑξῆς τῆς ἐ., Ph.1.572, 598; ἐξ ἐναργέος ἐφόδου, i. e. from the clear teaching of experience, Hp.Praec.1.d Archit., course of masonry, IG22.244.98 (iv B. C.), 5(2).33 (Tegea, iii B. C.).2 means of approach, Plb.1.13.9; right of access,δίδοσθαί τινι τὴν ἔ. ἐπὶ τοὺς πολλούς Id.4.34.5
; (Priene, iv B. C.), cf. IG11(4).547 (Delos, iii B. C.); access for traffic and intercourse, communication,ἔφοδοι παρ' ἀλλήλους Th.1.6
;πρὸς ἀλλ. Id.5.35
; right of importation,τῶν ἐπιτηδείων X.HG2.4.3
.b pl., natural passages, e.g. nostrils, Hp.Epid.6.2.16.3 attempt, plan, method, ib.6.5.1, Arist.EE 1230a35, Thphr.Sens.60;ἔ. τῆς ἐξηγήσεως Plb.3.1.11
; method of procedure, Vett. Val.24.12; .II attack, onslaught, A.Eu. 375 (lyr., pl.), Th.1.93, etc.;τοῦ στρατεύματος X.An.2.2.18
;ἔφοδον ποιεῖσθαι Th.2.95
;δέξασθαι Id.4.126
, Pl.Phd. 95b;γνώμης μᾶλλον ἐφόδῳ ἢ ἰσχύος Th.3.11
; ἐξ ἐφόδου τρέψασθαι at the first assault, Plb.1.36.11, cf. OGI 654.4 (Egypt, i B. C.), etc.;τῇ πρώτῃ ἐφόδῳ ἁλῶναι D.H.4.51
;αὐτῆ ἐ. τρεψόμενοι τοὺς πολεμίους Id.3.4
; of ships, εἰς τὴν ὁδὸν καὶ εἰς τὴν ἔφοδον dub.l. in Plb.3.25.4 codd. (leg. ἄφ-) ; νυκτιπόλοι ἔφοδοι of the haunting powers of darkness, as subject to Persephone, E. Ion 1049 (lyr.).3 Rhet., artful exordium, D.H.Is.3 (pl.), Lys.15; = insinuatio, [Cic.] ad Herenn.1.4.6, cf. Aphth.Prog. 13, etc.
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